摘 要:减速器，又名减速机、减速箱，主要用于在原动机和工作机或执行机构之间起匹配转速和传递转矩的作用。减速器主要由传动零件(齿轮或涡轮蜗杆)、轴、轴承、箱体以及其他附件所组成，在现代机械中应用极为广泛，从交通工具的船舶、汽车、机车，建筑用的重型机具，机械工业所用的加工机具及自动化生产设备，到日常生活中常见的家电、钟表等，几乎都可以见到它的踪迹，其应用从大动力的传输工作到小负荷、精确角度的传输都要用到减速器。减速器是原动机和工作机之间的独立的闭式传动装置，用来降低转速和增大转矩，以满足工作需要，选用减速器时应根据工作机的选用条件，技术参数，动力机的性能，经济性等因素，比较不同类型、品种减速器的外廓尺寸，传动效率，承载能力，质量，价格等，选择最适合的减速器。减速器按用途可分为通用减速器和专用减速器两大类，两者的设计、制造和使用特点各不相同。
在全液压顶驱系统中采用的减速器属于专用减速器，该装置采用了高速小扭矩液压马达，两级齿轮减速器减速，双闭环齿轮传动。动力源是由两台轴向柱塞马达提供的液压能，经齿轮减速箱减速带动钻具旋转。
关键词：液压顶驱 减速器 齿轮
ABSTRACT:Reducer, also known as reducer, gear boxes, mainly used in the original motivation and working machine or actuator from the match between speed and torque delivery role. Reducer mainly by the transmission parts (gears or worm), shafts, bearings, housing, and other accessories that consists in the application of modern machinery is extremely broad, from transport ships, automobiles, motorcycles, heavy machinery used in construction, machinery industrial processing of used machinery and automated production equipment, to the daily life of common household appliances, watches, etc., almost all traces of it can be seen, its application from the large to the small momentum transfer work load to be used in the transmission of precise angles reducer. Reducer is the prime mover and working machines closed between independent drive means for reducing speed and increasing torque to meet operational needs, the choice should be based on the work machine reducer selection criteria, technical parameters, power machine performance, economy and other factors, comparing different types of varieties reducer dimensions, drive efficiency, carrying capacity, quality, price, etc., select the most suitable reducer. Reducer use can be divided into general and special reducer reducer two categories, both the design, manufacture and use characteristics of each are not identical.
In full hydraulic top drive system used in the reducer is dedicated reducer, the device uses a high-speed low torque hydraulic motors, two gear reducer reducer, double loop gear. Power source is provided by two axial piston hydraulic energy, driven by the gear box reducer drill rotation.
Keywords: hydraulic pressure top drive reducer gear
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