摘 要:本文对玉米脱粒理论与脱粒装置的结构进行了分析与设计。作为家用小型玉米脱粒机，采用卧式结构，要求玉米脱粒后使玉米芯和玉米粒分离；采用打击式原理，相似于纹杆式玉米脱粒机通过滚筒筋打击玉米，或玉米之间碰撞使玉米粒产生摩擦和振动来破坏玉米粒与玉米芯的连接，从而实现脱粒。脱粒效率主要取决于打击速度和打击机会。玉米脱粒同时采用加装风机作为清选装置，玉米粒从栅格板漏出落在出粒斜板上，玉米顺着斜板下滑的同时，风机顺着斜板把玉米粒中杂质吹开。脱粒机工作时，玉米由进料口喂入，玉米经螺旋推进的滚筒筋旋转打击，玉米粒由栅格孔分离出去，玉米芯从机尾除杂口排出。结构简单，实施方便，使用安全性高，解决了玉米芯和玉米粒混合在一起无法分离或分离不干净等问题，其机械损伤轻、破碎率低、清洁度高、夹带损失率低。
关键词：玉米脱粒机 卧式 打击脱粒 滚筒筋
Abstract: In this paper, the theory and structure of threshing corn threshing device is analyzed and designed。 As a household small corn thresher, using the horizontal structure, requirements for corn threshing the corn cobs and maize grain separation; using the principle of the striking type, similar to the thread rod type corn thresher by roller bar fight corn, or maize collision between the maize particle friction and vibration to damage the connecting corn and corn cob, so as to realize threshing. The threshing efficiency depends mainly on hitting velocity and opportunity. Corn threshing and by adding the fan as the cleaning device, corn grain from the grid plate dew falls on the particle board, corn along the inclined plate decline at the same time, Fans along the inclined plate to blow off impurities in corn kernels, corn is fed from the feed port, roller bar rotary percussion corn by spiral propulsion, corn grain by grid hole is separated from the corn thresher, corncob impurity discharge port from the tail. Simple structure, easy implementation, high edible safety, which solves the corn cob and corn kernels mixed together cannot be separated or isolated issues such as not clean. The mechanical damage of light, low broken rate, high cleanliness, entrainment loss rate is low.
Key words: Corn threshing machine；Horizontal；Blow threshing；Drum ribs
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