试论杨万里“诚斋体”的艺术特色.doc

摘要：杨万里是南宋著名的诗人，他开创了一种新鲜泼辣的写法，严羽的《沧浪诗话》称之为“诚斋体”。形成这种独特手法的原因有三：一是学习江西诗派，二是学习晚唐诗人绝句，三是学借鉴吕本中“活法”。“诚斋体”的特点是：富于幽默诙谐的风趣、丰富新颖的想象和自然活泼的语言。这些特点在他的写景咏物诗和童趣诗中有充分体现。“诚斋体”在当时和后世都产生了深远的影响：对诗人张镃、刘克庄、“永嘉四灵”等的影响；对金元明清诗坛的影响。

关键词  杨万里   诚斋体   艺术特色

[Abstract]  Yang Wanli, a famous poet of Southern Song Dynasty, opened up a fresh and vigorous writing style, which YanYu called "Chengzhai Style" in his famous work Surging Wave of Poetry . There are three factors that formed this unique technique . First, it is the learned from  Jiangxi Poetry Style. Second., it is imitation of Tang poetry. Thirdly, it is borrowed from the lively style from Lv Benzhong. "Chengzhai Style" has its own characteristics. Its is full of humor and wit, and its also novel with many imaginations. Besides, its language is natural and vivid. These features are fully embodied in his poetry of scenery and childhood happiness. "Chenzhai Style" has a profound influence in his age and even later times. Contemporary poets, like Zhang Zi, Liu Kezhuang and "Four Geniuses of Yongjia" are deeply influenced by him. Its influence lasts from Jin-Yuan dynasty to Ming-Qing dynasty 

[Keywords]   Yang Wanli     Chengzhai Study    artistic feature

杨万里，字廷秀，号诚斋，江西吉水人，南宋著名诗人、理学家和政治家。他才华横溢，与陆游、范成大、尤袤并称“中兴四大诗人”。其诗歌创作打破了江西诗派笼罩诗坛的格局，形成一种新的诗歌审美范式，严羽《沧浪诗话》称之为“诚斋体”。“诚斋体”的风格特征是活泼自然，饶有谐趣，形成“诚斋体”的要素之一是诗人把自己的主观情感最大程度地投射在客观事物上。要素之二是杨万里做诗想象奇特，但是不用奇奥生僻的字句，却用浅近明白的语言和流畅直至的章法，近于口语。杨万里以其清新的艺术风格在一定程度上扭转了南宋江河日下的诗坛窘况，对诗歌的发展做出了卓越的贡献。因而，我们今天仍然有必要继续对“诚斋体”的成因、艺术特色及其对后世的影响等方面加以探讨。