玄于内•玄于外--中英玄学诗之比较.doc

[摘要]在中英文学史上都出现过玄学诗，虽两者都冠之以“玄”，但两者之“玄”却相差悬殊。前者，玄于内，后者，玄于外。正是基于此，才使得中英玄学诗在不同国度却命运反差很大。本文将通过中西方宗教文化背景的差异、后世文化领袖认识的差异、后人传承能力的差异三个方面来比较研究两者命运反差之大的成因。

[关键词] 英国玄学诗；魏晋玄言诗；宗教；文化领袖；传承能力

[Abstract] In Chinese and British literature history had appeared on a metaphysical poems，Although both of the coronal with " mysterious ", but the " mysterious " is different. The former is inside and the latter is outside. Based on it, which makes the metaphysical poetry of Chinese and English in different countries but the fate of contrasts. This article through the eastern and the western religious culture background differences, the difference of the later cultural leaders’ understanding, the differences of later generations transmission capacity, Through these three aspects of both the fate of comparative study of contrast between genesis.

[Key words] British metaphysical poetry; The Wei and Jin Dynasties’ metaphysical poetry; Religion;  Cultural leaders; Transmission capacity 

　　中英玄学诗的诞生经历与她们的命运发展历程有很多相似的地方，首先，中英玄学诗歌产生的历史背景上有相似之处，如二者都诞生在各自国家社会动乱时期。其次，中英玄学诗的命运起初也是相似的，都因不合传统而遭到冷遇。然而英国玄学诗经过一段时间的沉寂之后在20世纪的英国文坛东山再起，并且被标榜为英国文学中的经典。而魏晋玄言诗虽然开创一代之文学，风靡魏晋百年，但在历经中国文坛数千年的发展之后却最终于却落了个“冷冷清清、凄凄惨惨凄凄” [1]的悲凉境地。

　　为何同样冠名以“玄”的玄学诗歌在不同国度的命运反差如此之大呢？通过仔细研读中西方的玄学诗，从比较的角度研究英国玄学诗和魏晋玄言诗这两种不同国别、不同文化形态下诞生的不同诗歌形式，再由“玄”这一形而上的概念交汇点出发，本文将通过以下三个方面寻到答案。