简论张先词的艺术.doc

[摘要]：张先是北宋初期的一位承前启后的关键性词人，他的词反映了北宋词坛的嬗替变化。他以自己丰富的创作对词的题材作了较大程度的拓展，弥补了词题材趋向单一和狭窄的缺憾，精神的词作家，他使词的抒情取向诗化，结构散文化，同时他也是使词具有小序的第一人。本文拟从张先词的题材、创新等方面来试析其词。同时也借此展现北宋初期这一过渡性词人对后世的影响。

[关键词]：词 ；张先； 生平； 题材； 创新； 影响

[Abstract] Zhang is the key word of a link between the past of the early Northern Song Dynasty, and his words reflect the Evolution of the Northern Song Dynasty for the change. Made a greater degree of expansion of his own creation on the theme of words to make up a word themes tend to a single and narrow defects, the traditional themes of the poetry of Zhang first included in the word to break the word for "brilliant Branch" said. Zhang as an innovative lyricist, Lyric orientation poetic structure of bulk culture, and he is also a word with a small order first person. This paper An Analysis of its words from the theme, innovation and other aspects of the Ci. Also to show a transitional poet of the early Northern Song Dynasty impact on future generations 

[Key words] Word; Zhang Xian; life; subject; innovation; effect of

张先的词作，反映了北宋词坛的嬗替变化。他性格疏放，生活浪漫，是个老寿词人，一生经历了从晏殊、欧阳修、柳永到苏轼的时代。他既有与欧晏相近的婉约优雅之风，又开柳永、周邦彦铺陈细腻的慢词先声。在他的手中，词由单纯的应歌向侧重抒写个人情志倾向发展。在他运用的93个词调中，自创新调占一半，其中相当一部分是慢词。其词含蓄典雅、意象繁富、情韵浓郁、语言工巧。于两宋婉约词史影响巨大，在词由小令向慢词的过渡中是个不容忽视的功臣。从词史上看，他最具创新的应是慢词。但从艺术的角度来说，其小令的成就超过慢词。其词内容大多反映男欢女爱以及士大夫花香月色的诗酒生活，对都市社会生活也有所反映。本文拟从张先的生平、个性、创作思想受到哪些影响，以及创作的题材内容与其词的艺术创新，乃至他对后世的影响等方面进行研究。