论耻感的价值与生成_哲学专业.doc

摘要：耻感是伦理学中的重要概念。作为现实存在的耻感，则是道德生活领域中的重要存在。耻感的研究，不仅是伦理学本身研究的需要，也是个体道德感培育和社会道德建设的要求。耻感是人内心中关涉于道德的情感，是人向善的内在机制，是主体做到道德自律的内在保障，同时，耻感也是主体规范自己行为的内在约束力。就耻感的社会价值而言，耻感是社会有序的重要保障，是社会风尚清明的必要条件，对良好社会价值观的形成也具有重要意义。因此，耻感的培育也极为重要，是耻感研究的终极目的，这也体现了伦理学的现实价值之所在。耻感的培育手段和方法主要通过教育，将主体先天的善端转化为现实的善良意志，除此之外，耻感的培育还需要整个社会价值观的引导。通过耻感的培育，来推动个体和社会整体耻感的生成。

关键词：耻感 价值 生成

Abstract：The sense of shame is an important concept in ethics, as well as an important existence in the realm of moral life when considered as a real-life existence. Researching the sense of shame is not only necessary to research the ethics itself, but also the demand for cultivating individual sense of morality and building social morality. The sense of shame is a feeling concerning morality in one’s mind, a sort of internal mechanism for tending to be good, something that guarantees a subject to have self-discipline, and a sort of power that makes a subject keep his own actions under restraint. In terms of its social value, the sense of shame guarantees a society in line; it’s a necessary condition for pure social custom; it is much meaningful for forming good social values. Consequently, it’s significant to cultivate the sense of shame, which is the ultimate aim of researching ethics and shows the practical value of ethics. The main means and methods to cultivate the sense of shame is education, which translate the inborn instinct toward goodness to real will of goodness. Besides, the cultivation of the sense of shame needs the whole social values’ leading. The cultivation of the sense of shame is to make it come into being in individuals and the whole society.

Keywords The sense of shame, Value, Coming into being

　　　课题的研究目的，在于通过阐释耻感的基本内涵及其价值，来提高耻感被认知的程度，使得耻感真正成为道德行为的内在推动力和社会伦理的底线保障。课题所要解决的问题，即耻感的具体培育路径，以及增进个体耻感和社会整体耻感的方法。

　　　就课题的研究范围而言，涉及到耻感的内涵、价值和实践三个方面。就内涵而言，主要是通过对耻感和哲学意义上的羞感进行对比分析，来更加清晰地阐释耻感的涵义和特征；就耻感的价值研究方面，采取对耻感的个体价值和社会价值分别探究的方式，通过例证的方法来阐释理论；在耻感的实践研究方面，是对耻感的生成机制和培育过程进行探讨，虽然是理论上的研究，但却是指导实践的理论基础，因此，这一部分是直接关涉于道德实践的，为道德实践提供了具体的理论指导和方法。