民事诉讼自认制度研究.doc

摘要:自认制度在民事诉讼法界是一项十分重要的制度，大多数国家对此皆有较为详细规定，它有利于维护司法公正以及有利于正确解决当事人之间的私权纠纷，节约当事人诉讼成本，实现诉讼经济价值。近年来，学界对自认制度的理论研究虽然取得了一定的成果，但远远不能满足立法和诉讼实践的需要，进一步深化对自认制度的理论研究十分必要。我国民事诉讼法中对自认的规定尚不完善，存在着诸多的缺陷，如未明确规定自认形成的前提条件，无民事行为能力人的法定代理人的自认效力缺乏规范，未详细规定附加限制自认的效力等，我国应立足于国情的基础上，借鉴外国关于自认方面的立法相关规定，加强自认上的立法，不断的完善我国的自认制度，满足诉讼实践的需要。

关键词：自认；缺陷；完善

Abstract:Because of the civil procedure law system in the world is a very important system, most countries is more detailed this regulation, it is helpful for safeguard judicial justice and be helpful for resolving the dispute between the parties private right, save in lawsuit cost, achieve litigation economic value. In recent years, the educational system to think the theory research has made some achievements, but far from meeting the needs of the litigation legislation and practice, further study of the theory of the system to think is necessary. The our country civil procedure law to think in the regulations still is not perfected, there exist many defects such as had not been regulated formation condition, without person of civil action competence legal agent avowed lack of standardized effect, did not specify additional restrictions its effectiveness, etc, our country should base on the national conditions, and on the basis of reference from foreign legislation on the related regulations, strengthen the legislation of the believes, constantly perfect our avowed system, and meet the needs of the lawsuit practice.

Key Words： admission；efect；perfect

　　　诉讼中的自认是指当事人在诉讼过程中向法庭承认对方所主张的不利于己的事实民事自认。在司法实践中大量存在，而且它对于民事案件的正确审理、提高诉讼效率和实现法院裁判的经济性等方面具有重要意义，所以自认制度在民事诉讼法界是一项十分重要的制度，它关系到当事人的合法利益，也关系到法律的公平和正义，大多数国家对此皆有较为详细而完善的规定。

　　　在我国，不仅我国现行民事诉讼法对自认制度的规定相当粗糙，纰漏之处显而易见，而且从诉讼理论上来讲，亦鲜有学者专门论及自认问题，故其在诉讼实践中远未发挥出应有的作用。因此，本文结合相关的文献等资料试论我国民诉中自认制度的立法与司法实践现状，进而探讨如何完善这一制度，具有重要的实践意义。