摘要:官员财产公开制度是世界公认的“阳光法案”。在我国建立官员财产公开制度已是大势所趋,对制度的渴求也很急迫。本文先讨论官员财产公开制度的含义和作用,然后分析我国官员财产公开制度的现状,再通过对比国外官员财产公开制度的实行情况,最后提出完善我国官员财产公开制度的建议。
关键词: 官员,财产公开,社会监督
Abstract:The system for disclosure of public official’s property is recognized worldwide as the "Sunshine Act ". In our system of establishing property of public officials is a general trend, the desire of the system is also very urgent. This article first discuss the meaning and role of the system for disclosure of public official’s property, and analyze the status quo of the system for disclosure of public official’s property. And then by comparing the implementation of the system for disclosure of public official’s property in foreign country, and finally put forward the proposals to improve the system for disclosure of public official’s property.
Key Words:Public official, Disclosure of property, Social supervision
腐败之害,有目共睹。官员财产公开制度就是从源头上遏制腐败。该制度本身不是腐败的惩罚机制,而是预防机制。所以,在当今的国情之下,不能一味严追死打。制度的设计需要政治智慧,平衡各方的利益矛盾。
我国各地的官员财产申报制度试点,其做法各有不同,但都在努力寻找一种合理的公开制度。从试点实践情况来看,我国现行官员财产公开制度存在立法缺失、实施条件不完善、官员群体的抵触心理、引起潜在社会风险等问题。在此基础上,本文结合国外发达国家和发展中国家的实际经验,提出了相应的解决之道:一是尽快完善立法,建立相应的立法体系;二是从制度内容的制定上从浅入深,由易到难,给予官员群体社会各方群体一个过渡过程;三是对政府官员采取一定范围限制的“既往不咎”;四是协调工商、税务、银行、社保等部门关系,尽快建立统一的公民个人信息系统,完善配套制度;五是加强对民众的法制教育和官员的素质教育。
实行官员财产公开已是大势所趋,但限于作者的能力,本文不可能将官员财产公开制度的所有问题考虑全面,仅希望能为该制度的建设和实施添砖加瓦,并引起有识之士对官员财产公开制度的思考,促进相关立法尽早出台,为国为民谋利。