关于我国难民认定问题的法律思考.doc

摘要:近年来，难民问题越来越受到国际社会和主权国家的尊重和关注，它是国际政治的伴生物，由国际格局或一国国内社会、经济、政治局势造成的，涉及大量人口的颠沛流离、无家可归，因此说，难民问题是一个国际人道主义问题。另一方面，难民问题关系到国家主权、声誉、安全、利益、行政权力的行使，还涉及国家与国家之间关系、外国人的合法权益，从这一层面上说，难民问题是国家的重要行政管理问题。然而，我国目前除了依照国际公约的规定外，在处理难民问题上并没有相应的国内法律法规可循，随着我国国际地位的提高和对国际社会的不断融入，对难民问题的立法研究与完善是摆在我们国家和政府面前亟需解决的一个迫切的问题，具有现实的意义。本文通过研究我国难民现状所存在的问题，针对难民问题，得出对难民问题进行立法的建议，同时也会借鉴外国对难民问题立法的经验，就我国难民立法提出具体的建议。

关键词：难民法原则；难民制度；难民立法

Abstract:In recent years, the problem is becoming more and more by the international community and the sovereign state of respect and attention, it is international politics with biological, or by the international pattern of domestic social, economic, and political situation caused by large populations, to wander, homeless, therefore, the refugee problem is an international humanitarian issues. On the other hand, refugee issues related to national sovereignty, reputation, security, interest, the exercise of administrative power, also relates to the relationship between country and country, the legitimate rights and interests of foreigners, from this level, the refugee problem is one of the important national administrative management. However, in our country at present, except in accordance with the international convention, in the processing of refugees and no corresponding laws and regulations to follow, as China's international status has improved and the international society continuously into the refugee problem, research and improvement of the legislation is to be placed in our countries and governments need to solve a urgently problem, have realistic meanings. This paper studies China's refugee status by the existing problems, the refugee problem, draw on refugee issues of legislative proposals, but also learn from foreign legislative experience on refugee issues, China's refugee legislation put forward the concrete suggestion.

Key words: refugee law system; refugees; refugee legislation

　　　难民问题不但是一个国际人道主义问题，而且是一个国家涉外行政管理问题。近年来，我国难民问题也越来越突出。我国作为《关于难民地位公约》及其议定书的缔约国，目前除了依照国际公约的规定外，处理难民问题没有相应的国内法律法规可循。关于我国国内难民问题立法的缺失，特别是难民甄别、管理和保护无法可依，因此很容易照成一系列的负面影响和问题，因此研究我国难民问题具有必要性。对内而言，将为我国依法行政和对难民有效管理奠定法律基础，有利于社会安定和经济发展，维护国家利益；对外而言，将进一步协调好本国与国际社会的关系，有助于扩大我国在国际人权保护领域的影响和作用，提高我国国际地位。