外商直接投资的生态环境效应研究.doc

摘 要:外商直接投资给我国带来先进技术和理念，促进我国经济发展的同时，也给我国的生态环境造成了不利的影响。改革开放以来，我国引进了大量的外商直接投资，其中相当一部分投资于二氧化碳排放严重的制造业，给我国的低碳经济建设带来了很大的负面影响。

　　　低碳经济如何引领利用外资的走向？本文在国内外研究的基础上，通过理论和实证分析相结合分析了这个问题。本文的首先分析了外商直接投资在我国的发展情况以及在各行业的投资分布情况，并着重分析了二氧化碳排放比较严重的制造业。分析了制造业各个行业的外商直接投资情况，污染情况以及二氧化碳排放情况。最后分析和总结了制造业与其他大行业的外商投资分布以及二氧化碳排放情况。总结出外商直接投资与各行业二氧化碳排放的关系。根据分析结果，在低碳经济的背景下，我国应该将外资引向碳排放相对较低的金融服务业，农业，高新技术产业。针对碳排放重灾区的制造业应该通过内部调节，将制造业的外资较多地引入到仪器制造业以及服装业并且通过技术创新提高外资的使用效率，减少碳排放量。

关键词：外商直接投资；低碳经济；制造业；二氧化碳排放量；技术创新

ABSTRACT:The foreign direct investment brings to us advanced technology and ideas and can promote the development of our country's economy. Meanwhile, however, it also brings the country's ecological environment adverse effect. Since the reform and opening to the outside world, our country has introduced a large number of foreign direct investment, the manufacturing industry, which makes a significant proportion of foreign direct investment has caused serious carbon dioxide emissions and brought the construction of our country’s low carbon economy great negative effects. 

　　　How can low-carbon economy lead the direction of the use of foreign capital? This paper, on the basis of the research at home and abroad, combined the theoretical analysis with empirical analysis to analyze this question. This article firstly analyzes the present development situation of foreign direct investment in China as well as the investment distribution in various fields, and emphatically analyzes the manufacturing industry whose carbon emissions is most serious. It analyses the foreign direct investment situation, pollution and carbon emissions in manufacturing industry. Finally it analyzes and summarizes the distribution of foreign direct investment and situation of carbon dioxide emissions in manufacturing and other large industries. This paper sums up the relations between the foreign direct investment in any industry with carbon dioxide emissions. According to the results of the analysis, under the background of low-carbon economy, China should lead foreign investment to industries in which carbon emissions are relatively low such as the financial services industry, agriculture, high-tech industry. As for manufacturing industry which has the highest carbon emissions, foreign capital should be introduced to instrument manufacturing industry and garment industry through internal adjustment. Meanwhile, we should improve the efficiency of the use of foreign capital in order to reduce carbon emissions through technical innovation.

Keywords: FDI; low-carbon economy; the manufacturing industry; carbon dioxide emissions; technical innovation