摘 要:海峡两岸关系发展源远流长，入世以来，两岸经贸交流合作不断深化。2002年以来，台湾地区对贸易政策的一些调整促使两岸农产品贸易较快增长，扭转了入世之前逐年下降趋势。两岸经贸关系得到回复和发展，两岸农产品贸易量剧增，从2002年的3.74亿美元增加到2011年的18.63亿美元。和两岸总体贸易格局不同，农产品贸易是大陆对台湾地区唯一顺差的领域。随着两岸农产品贸易规模和范围的进一步扩大以及大陆产业竞争力的提升，大陆的顺差额有望继续增加，这在一定程度上可以缓解两岸不平衡的贸易局面。
为了缓解这一局面，本文将基于比较优势理论，分析海峡两岸农产品贸易不平衡的原因，就两岸贸易竞争力，显示性比较优势指标，对两岸农产品各自市场竞争优势进行技术评估，分析出两岸农产品国际贸易竞争力均较弱，两地的比较优势尚未充分发挥，从而得出应该调整优化农业产业和产品结构，促进农产品出口多元化。
关键词：海峡两岸；农产品贸易；比较优势理论
ABSTRACT:Cross-strait cultural exchange goes back to ancient times, after the reform and opening-up policy in China , economic and trade relations is becoming more and more frequent. Since 2002, the Taiwan region have adjusted some trade policy to make the cross-strait agricultural trade grow fast, which reverse the decline trend year by year before WTO accession. Cross-strait economic and trade relations get a reply and development , and the cross-strait trade in agricultural products have had a Sharp increase, from $ 374 million in 2002 to $ 1.863 billion in 2011. Over all trade patterns and different sides, agricultural trade is the only area which keep surplus between Cross-Strait trade. As the further expand in scale and scope between cross-strait agricultural trade and the upgrade of industrial competitiveness in mainland, the favorable balance of mainland is expected to continue to increase, which can relieve the imbalance situation of cross-strait trade to some extent.
To alleviate this situation, this article will be based on the theory of comparative advantage, analyze the reasons of the imbalance situation of cross-strait trade. Using cross-strait trade competitiveness index and revealed comparative advantage index assess competitive advantage in their respective markets on both sides of agricultural products in technology. Then we should adjust and optimize industrial structure , promote diversification of agricultural exports.
Keywords: Cross-strait; Agricultural trade; Comparative advantage theory
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