国际贸易背景下我国生物入侵问题的研究.doc

摘 要:外来生物入侵已成为当今时代国际贸易领域最为重要的议题之一。随着经济全球化和区域经济化的发展，各国各地区之间的贸易往来越来越频繁，尤其是进出口货物贸易的发展使得国际贸易成为生物入侵的主要渠道之一。

　　　本文共分为六个部分。第一个部分是绪论，主要介绍了生物入侵的概念以及国内外关于国际贸易与生物入侵关系的研究。第二部分陈述了国际贸易造成中国生物入侵的现状。第三部分主要分析了国际贸易带来的生物入侵引发的问题。第四部分介绍了通过国际贸易造成生物入侵的模式。第五部分提出了国际贸易带来的生物入侵的防御措施。第六部分总结全文。最后本文得出结论：中国入侵物种类群种数多，传入来源广，在生态系统的分布广，入侵的生物类型复杂；生物入侵给国际贸易带来了严重的外部性，对国际贸易、社会经济、环境等方面造成了严重的损害；中国的生物入侵主要来源于无意进入；“关键点控制法”能有效防御中国生物入侵。　

关键词：生物入侵；国际贸易；危害；防御措施

ABSTRACT:Biological invasion has become one of the most important issues in the field of international trade in the recent era. With the development of economic globalization and regional economic integration, the trade among countries and regions become more and more frequent. Especially the development of the import and export trade in goods makes international trade become one of the main channels of biological invasion. The biological invasion brings serious trade external to international trade and causes severe damage to the international trade, social economy and environment etc.

　　　This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the concept of biological invasion and domestic and international research on the relationship between international trade and biological invasion. The second part states the current situation of international trade caused biological invasion in china. The third part analyzes the problems brought by the biological invasion caused by international trade. The fourth part introduces the modes of biological invasion caused by international trade. The fifth part puts forward some prevention measures. The sixth part summarizes the full text. Finally this paper draws a conclusion: the group of invasive species is huge, the incoming source is wide, the distribution in ecosystem is wide and the types of biological invasion is complex；the biological invasion brings serious trade external to international trade and causes severe damage to the international trade, social economy and environment etc；the biological invasion in China comes mainly from inadvertently entered； "key point control method" turns out to be an effective way to prevent biological invasion.

Keywords: Biological Invasion; International Trade; Problems; Defense Measures