外商直接投资（FDI）对区域产业结构影响的研究与分析.doc

摘要:长期以来，FDI与开发区产业结构存在着一定的相关性。一方面，FDI作为南通经济技术开发区（以下简称开发区）产业发展的重要资源，在弥补产业资金缺口、推动产业产值增长方面起到了一定的积极作用，同时开发区的产业结构特色也对FDI产生拉动作用。另一方面，FDI就像一把双刃剑，对于我国各产业的发展来说，FDI规模的不断扩大既有促进其快速增长的正面效应，也有加剧产业结构失衡的负面效应。开发区内，FDI不仅在产业间的分布存在不合理，甚至在行业内部也存在偏差，加上外商的“逐利性、产业结构自身刚性以及沉淀成本”的存在，很容易导致开发区内产业结构同构化和固化。为了改善开发区内FDI在产业间分布的不合理状况，本文提出了发挥开发区的各种优势，正确引导FDI的产业流向，打造集约节约型开发区，以及环境优化促经济增长等对策。

关键词 外商直接投资（FDI）；南通经济技术开发区；产业结构

Abstract:In the long-term, there is a certain correlation between the structure of foreign direct investment and Development Area. On the one hand, foreign direct investment, as an important resource of development in Nantong Economic and Technological Development Area, has played a positive role on narrowing the capital gap and increasing industrial output. Meanwhile, characteristics of the industrial structure in development zone also have positive effect on drawing foreign direct investment. On the other hand, besides with the good effects, foreign direct investment also has bad effects on the balance of industrial structure. In the Development Zone, foreign direct investment distributed between the industries is not reasonable, and even there is a deviation in the three industries. Because of the existence of profit-driven，sunk cost and industrial structures rigid, it becomes difficult to change the industrial structure in zone. In order to improve the unreasonable distribution between industries in the Development Zone, strategies are as follows: (1) playing their own advantages to correctly guide the distribution of FDI in industry; (2) building intensive and economical development zone to protect environment and update the industrial structure together, and so on.

Keywords Foreign direct investment (FDI)   Nantong economical and technological development area    industrial structure

　　　国内外学者对FDI与产业结构调整关系的研究思路不乏新颖者，但难免艰涩难懂，所以本文研究的出发点回到产业结构调整最终的动力——“企业效益”。

　　　商人从古至今都不做无利之图，外商也不外如此，哪个产业能给他带来更多的效益他肯定就把资金往哪个产业投，换句话说就是产业效益影响FDI在产业间的分布。本文笔者使用近几年开发区的实际外资利用额及其他相关数据，采用定性与定量、理论与实证相结合的分析方法，笔者试图用产业效益来观察FDI对产业结构调整的影响。同时，笔者通过观察FDI在三次产业间及各产业下面的再细分产业内的分布，分析开发区FDI的结构状况，研究开发区FDI分布比例中存在的不足，尝试结合开发区的农业、科教、旅游等优势，为更好地利用FDI促进开发区产业升级提出一些对策措施。