连云港水产品出口的低碳化策略.doc

摘要:近几年，连云港水产品发展取得较快发展，低碳水产品出口额不断增加。但是，渔业经济发展的背后，水产业还存在很多问题。比如水产品出口企业的数量少、规模小很难在市场上占据主动，水产品缺乏竞争力；海洋资源和区位优势都没有得到充分发挥，海洋环境保护力度不够。随着工业化、城市化进程速度的加快，大规模、高强度的近岸海洋开发，导致海洋环境恶化趋势难以缓解。近年来，连云港市海域污染总体水平依然偏高，陆源污染物排海没有得到有效控制，港口区和河口污染严重，养殖户粗放的养殖方式使得部分海域水体富营养化趋势明显，海洋生态遭到严重破坏，极大地制约了连云港海洋经济的发展空间。

　　　绿色贸易壁垒情况下，连云港的水产品出口面临严峻的挑战，所以生产养殖低碳、绿色、无公害的水产品成了连云港水产养殖户的必然选择。而对于出口企业来说，整合企业，将企业做大、做强、做出自己的特色，从而在市场上占据主动，则是他们必须解决的问题。

关键词  连云港；水产品；出口；低碳化

Abstract:In recent years, the development of Lianyungang aquatic and rapid development of low-carbon seafood exports increasing However, behind the fisheries economic development, aquaculture, there are many problems. For example, the number of aquatic products export enterprises, the scale in the market is difficult to take the initiative, aquatic competitiveness uncompetitive; marine resources and location advantages have not been fully exploited, the protection of the marine environment is not enough. With the accelerated pace of industrialization, urbanization, large-scale, high-intensity near-shore marine development, resulting in the deterioration of the marine environment, the trend is difficult to alleviate. In recent years, the overall level of pollution of the sea of Lianyungang City is still high, land-based sources of pollutants into the sea has not been effectively controlled, the port area and estuarine pollution is serious, extensive farmers and farming methods that makes parts of the ocean eutrophication was evident, marine ecology was severely damaged, which greatly restricted the development of marine economy in Lianyungang space.

　　　In the case of green trade barriers, export of aquatic products in Lianyungang facing serious challenges, aquaculture production of low-carbon, green, pollution-free aquatic Lianyungang has become the inevitable choice of the aquaculture farmers. For export enterprises, the integrated enterprise, will be bigger and stronger, to make its own characteristics, so as to take the initiative in the market, they must be addressed.

Keywords  Lianyungang  Aquatic  Export  Low-carbon

　　　低碳经济是以建立低能耗、低污染、低排放为基础的三低经济模式。低碳经济背景下，水产品的低碳化一方面是在水产的生产过程中减少药物的使用、精选化学添加剂少的优质饲料，生产绿色、无公害的水产品；另一方面可以通过“碳汇渔业”，充分发挥渔业的碳汇功能，可以达到直接或间接降低大气二氧化碳浓度效果。而低碳渔业是继集约化养殖之后的新的渔业养殖模式，具有低能耗、低污染、低排放的特点，低碳渔业是节约型和安全型的渔业；水产品加工业，通过调整产业结构减低冷冻加工业的比重，大力发展低能耗加工业。