摘要：目前，世界范围内，经济一体化的范围越来越大，同时，我国也经历了改革开放，在这种情况下商业银行会随着金融市场的变化而变化，呈现出复杂的状态，这样也加剧了风险程度，银行想要顺利的发展下去，就必须具有比较高效以及稳健的机制。在国内，商业银行实行的是混业经营，而货币市场、资本市场以及保险市场之间就会发生各种联系，如果商业银行本身发生了问题，就会把这种风险扩散出去，影响到其他领域。而且商业银行本身又具有很多特点，比如客户比较多、经营网点也比较多，这就让它在金融市场的维护方面占据了很重要的作用，所以要对它的经营进行规范。这其中对内部运行机制进行完善是比较关键的部分。现在，商业银行主要是凭借政府信用，但是随着不断的改革，利率越来越市场化，政府信用已经慢慢淡出，这说明商业银行在建立内部运行机制方面，迫在眉睫，只有这样，才可以预防运行的高风险。
2007年，中国邮政储蓄银行在北京成立，在中国银行业排第五位。1986年，邮政储蓄被恢复，经历了二十多年的时间，如今范围已经遍布全国各地。过去邮政储蓄附属于邮政，属于内设机构，在风险防范以及内部控制等方面都不是很强，人力资源也比较匮乏，这就造成了邮政储蓄银行发展缓慢。邮政储蓄银行产生于邮政系统，属于商业银行，改革其内部运行机制使之更好的适应商业银行系统，是紧急的任务。
本文以之前的内部运行机制相关理论为基础，在再考虑到邮政储蓄银行的一些特征，从资金营运机制、稽核监督机制、内部激励机制、风险管理机制四个方面，通过分析目前我国邮政储蓄银行内部运行机制的发展情况以及未解决的问题，建议对邮政储蓄银行相关方面的建设进行完善，积极推动我国邮政储蓄银行发展。
在资金运营机制改革方面，在风险较低业务的基础上开展新的业务，拓展市场；与当地的信用合作社联合，开展资金委托业务，充分利用闲置资金；充分发挥现代支付方式的优越性，保证资金结算的畅通；优化内部控制和管理制度，提高市场竞争力。在稽核监督机制改革方面，建立垂直的稽核监督组织体系；建立权威的稽核法规体系；建立职工对银行经营的监督机制。在内部激励机制改革方面，建立竞聘上岗的体制,人才激励机制必须以业绩为主、奖励为辅；建立报酬激励机制，并且能够将配套机制建立健全；加快人才评价体系的建立的速度。在风险管理机制改革方面，增强全员的风险管理意识；建立培养高素质的风险管理员工队伍；完善风险管理制度体系建设；完善信息系统的建设。
关键词：资金营运机制；稽核监督机制；内部激励机制；风险管理机制
ABSTRACT：China's economic reform and opening up gradually, and the world economy gradually integrated, commercial banks, the market environment has become increasingly complex, need to deal with more and bigger risks. Mixed mode for our country, capital markets, money markets and insurance markets will be more closely the links between, so some of the problems of commercial banks will affect a lot of industries. Commercial banks' customers very much, wide network coverage, its normative operational effectiveness of the entire market has very important significance. Now China is gradually reform the banking sector, reducing the impact of national credit, commercial banks so as soon as possible to improve the internal operation mechanism, reduce operational risks.
Postal Savings reopened in 1986, the establishment of China Postal Savings Bank, becoming the Agricultural Bank of China, Construction Bank, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Merchants Bank after the fifth-largest bank. After several years of development, the postal savings bank's personal financial services all over the country rural. The past is the postal internal postal savings institutions, business activities by the postal administration of its internal operation mechanism is not perfect, will severely restrict the Postal Savings Bank of China's future development. Postal system as separate from the postal savings bank, reform its internal operation mechanism so that better adapt to the commercial banking system, is an urgent task.
Innovation of this paper lies in the internal operation of the Postal Savings Bank mechanisms are inadequate analyzed, summarized reform experience from domestic and foreign banks, funds from operations mechanisms, audit supervision mechanism, internal incentive mechanism, risk management mechanisms were analyzed in four aspects, Postal Savings Bank on China's reforms and the development orientation propose appropriate recommendations to improve and perfect.
Internal operating mechanism underlying theory premise, from the capital operating mechanisms, audit supervision mechanism, internal incentive mechanism, four aspects of risk management mechanism, combined with the current status of the Postal Savings Bank, improve China Postal Savings Bank on the internal operation mechanism suggestions actively promote the development of the Postal Savings Bank.
In the financial operation mechanism reform, we should actively develop business development, flexible use of idle funds to increase the payment and settlement tool. In the audit oversight mechanism reform, to build a vertical organizational system, the authority of the legal system construction, the establishment of workers' supervision mechanism. Reforms in the internal incentives to improve the talent incentive mechanism to speed up the operation supporting mechanism, establish a scientific evaluation system. In the risk management mechanism reform, to improve risk awareness, build high-quality team, a sound institutional system, improve information systems.
Keywords: Fund operation mechanism; audit oversight mechanisms; internal incentive mechanism; risk management mechanism
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