FDI对我国高新技术产品出口的影响分析.doc

摘要:高新技术产品的出口已成为衡量一个国家出口贸易水平、科技发展水平的重要标准之一。改革开放以来，我国的高新技术产业发展迅猛，带动了整个制造业的高速发展，并使行业中产品研发的投入、企业创新能力、出口产品附加值以及高新技术产品的出口竞争力得到了明显的提高。在这个进步过程中，外商直接投资发挥了巨大的推动作用，随着我国招商引资政策的不断改善，外商直接投资已经成为我国出口贸易的重要组成部分以及高新技术产品研发、创新的动力。

　　　但是，外商直接投资对我国高新技术产业的影响存在着争议。一方面，外商直接投资会通过产业关联效应、人员流动效应、竞争效应、示范效应等对内资企业产生 “溢出效应”；另一方面，外商投资企业会在高新技术产品出口的领域对内资企业产生“挤出效应”，削弱内资企业产品的竞争力，抢占其出口市场。

　　　本文主要通过对我国高新技术产业领域FDI的现状和产品出口的现状，以及FDI对高新技术产品出口的影响进行研究，发现其中存在的问题，或可改进的方面，并提出解决意见，从而为我国高新技术产业更好地利用外资、提高产品的出口竞争力提供有益的建议。

关键词：外商直接投资；高新技术产品；出口；技术溢出

ABSTRACT:The export of high-tech products has become an important measure of a country's export trade level of scientific and technological level of development. Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of high-tech industries in China, led to the rapid development of the manufacturing industry as a whole, and to the industry in product R & D investment, innovation capability of enterprises, export value-added products and high-tech products export competitiveness has been significantly improved. In this progressive process, foreign direct investment has played an important role in promoting. With the continuous improvement of China's investment policy, foreign direct investment has become an important part of China's export trade; also, it’s the motivation of high-tech product development and innovation.

However, the impact of foreign direct investment on China's high-tech industry is controversial. On one hand, in order to achieve the requirements of multinational production, the foreign-funded enterprises will help related enterprises to improve their technical skills; the trained local employees, they may quit; localization of R & D activities; competitive effects and demonstration effect，they all may led to technology spillover effect to domestic enterprises. On the other hand, in the field of high-tech products export, foreign-invested enterprises will cause "crowding out" to domestic enterprises. It may weaken the competitiveness of domestic enterprises and seize their export markets.

This paper mainly studies the status quo of FDI and exports in the field of China's high-tech industry, and the effect of FDI on exports of high-tech products. Though the study, I’ll try to found that the existing problems or areas for improvement, and propose resolutions, and provide useful suggestions for our high-technology industry make better use of foreign investment, improve the export competitiveness of products.

Keywords: FDI; high-tech products; exports; technology spillover

　　　高新技术产品的出口是衡量一个国家经济、科技以及出口实力的一个重要指标，自主创新体系的建立则是带动高新技术产品出口的根本途径。中国自2001年成功加入WTO后，国内市场对外打开大门，对外商投资的开放力度明显加大，21世纪以来，我国投资的软硬环境不断改善，经济保持良好的发展态势，使得外商对华投资信心倍增，我国近年吸引外商直接投资不断增长，尤其在高新技术领域成绩尤为显著。外商直接投资为内资企业带来了先进的生产技术和管理、经营理念，提高了国内企业的创新能力和高新技术产品的出口水平和规模。由此可见，外商直接投资对我国高新技术产品的出口的作用不可忽视，如何正确看待、利用外商直接投资，分析外商直接投资带来的溢出效应，与我国国内企业高新技术产品出口之间的关系，对提高我国高新技术产品出口的能力、水平，有一定的实用价值。