摘 要：2008年金融危机以后，小微企业融资难的问题日益受到人们的关注，而商业银行的信贷投放资金是解决小微企业资金短缺的重要途径之一。在此背景之下，国家相继出台了较多扶持小微融资的政策，商业银行出于自身结构转型的需要也开始向小微企业信贷业务倾斜，但是小微企业的不良贷款率等风险问题却让商业银行望而生畏，而且商业银行传统的信贷模式也难以适应小微企业的融资需求，改变自身的业务流程以及人员配备等需要较大的成本以及时间，信息的不对称问题更加剧了商业银行的贷款风险。出于这些因素的考虑，商业银行对小微企业惜贷。
如何解决小微企业的融资问题同时促进商业银行的协调发展已经成为一项重要的课题，而如何缓解银企之间信息不对称的问题，是降低商业银行信贷成本以及贷款风险的主要问题，也是解决商业银行对小微企业惜贷的一个有效途径。本文从信息不对称的视角下，将理论与实践相结合，研究商业银行对小微企业贷款的主要风险，并且从商业银行和小微企业两个角度分析了贷款风险存在的原因，为我国商业银行控制小微企业提供新思维新方法，同时也有助于缓解小微企业融资难的问题。
关键词：小微企业；商业银行；信息不对称 ；贷款风险
ABSTRACT：After the financial crisis of 2008, people have paying increasing attention to the financing difficult problem of small micro-enterprises. And commercial banks’ lending money is the one important way to cope with the small and micro enterprises’ lack of funds. In this context, many countries have introduced policies to support small and micro financing. Owing to its own restructuring, commercial banks have begun to small micro-enterprise credit business tilt. However, small and micro enterprises and other non-performing loan ratio of commercial banks risk issues allows daunting. And the traditional commercial bank's credit model is also difficult to adapt to the financing needs of small and micro enterprises. The change of commercial banks’ business processes and staffing needs greater cost, and time. Information asymmetry problem is exacerbated by the commercial banks' lending risk. Because of these considerations, the commercial banks reluctant to lend to small and micro enterprises.
How to solve the financing problems of small and micro enterprises and promote the coordinated development of the commercial banks has become an important issue. How to ease the problem of asymmetric information between banks and enterprises is to reduce the cost of commercial bank credit risk of the main issues and loans. This is also the resolution of commercial banks reluctant to lend to small and micro enterprises an effective way. This article is from the perspective of asymmetric information. And the combination of theory and practice, it researches the commercial bank loans’ main risks to small and micro enterprises .And from the perspective of commercial banks and small and micro enterprises, it analyses the reasons for the existence of the loan risk. It provides the new thinking and the new ways to our business banks for controlling the credit risk of the small and micro enterprises. Also it helps to relieve small and micro enterprises financing difficulties.
Keywords: Small and micro enterprises ; the commercial bank; asymmetric information ;risk of loan
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