摘要:转基因技术是指通过将基因重组后转入到目标基因组中，通过导入与重组新的基因，达到改变生物遗传的目的。转基因农作物就是利用以上技术加上其他的相关技术，通过引入其他物种的基因而培养出来的农作物。由于转基因农作物在投入市场前的种植时间很短，所以一些投入风险很难在初期看出来。因此，对转基因农产品的安全性，世界上各国的认知也不同，存在不同的接受意见。随着全球生物基因技术产业不断的发展，转基因农产品贸易在国际市场上成为了热门，能否在这个领域取得主动权，关系着整个行业的发展。因此，我国急需根据国际形势采取全新的贸易战略和措施，并制定恰当的进出口贸易政策。
本文首先从转基因技术及转基因农产品的概念入手，对转基因农产品作出简要介绍，再用图表阐释全球转基因作物种植面积及分布，对世界范围内转基因农产品进出口贸易现状做了分析研究，阐述了我国转基因农产品进出口贸易监管存在的问题，并针对问题提出主要解决方法：我国应根据国情需要和国际发展潮流，完善转基因产品政策法规，规范转基因农产品安全管理体系；加大转基因技术的支持力度，提高转基因产品竞争力，并积极参与到国际规则制定和国际合作当中去。
关键词：转基因农产品；进出口贸易；现状；发展研究
Abstract:Transgenic is a technology which induces artificial separation or modified gene into an organism genome, and then cause the expression of the introduced gene. Transgenic crops are cultivated by the use of tissue culture techniques and recombinant DNA technology, which induces the genes of another organism or species into crops. Commercial planting of genetically modified crops is not very long, so transgenic products’ potential risks are failing to show in a short time. Therefore, the opinions of the safety of transgenic agricultural products are quite different in different countries in the world. With the development of the global biotechnology industry, transgenic agricultural products international trade will be a frontier, and gain the initiative in this area is related to the development of the biotechnology industry. Therefore, China needs to take new trade strategies and measures and formulate appropriate import and export trade policy according to the international situation.
Therefore, we introduce the concept of transgenic technology and transgenic agricultural products, which can give us a brief knowledge of transgenic products. Further, we through the chart of global transgentic crops planting area and distribution to explain worldwide transgenic agricultural products’ import and export trade, then analyze the main problems and reasons which exist in international trade. Last, we analyze the main problems and reasons of the transgenic agricultural products’ import and export trade in China, and propose solutions for the problems.Specifically as follows: China should develop appropriate policies and regulations for the import and export trade of transgenic agricultural products, and establish and improve the safety management system of transgenic agricultural products according to the national conditions and international development trend. Then, we should encourage the research and development work, and actively participate in international rule-making and international cooperation. Finally, we hope this paper can analyze and guide the import and export trade of transgenic agricultural products of China.
Keywords: transgenic agricultural products; import and export trade; current situation; development study
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