摘要:五代十国是一个战火纷飞，政权更迭频繁的时代。有战争，就有战胜方和战败方。战争结束时，战败国要向战胜国行使一定的投降礼仪。《旧五代史》中记载了“面缚”、“衔璧”、“舆榇”、“牵羊”、“奉降书”这些在以往史书中经常出现的投降礼仪，此外更多地记载了“内附”和“献礼”两种投降礼仪。对于主动“内附”和“献礼”的投降者，胜利者大多给予了一定的礼遇。《旧五代史》继承和发展了前朝的一些投降礼仪，大部分投降礼仪被继续沿用，如“面缚”、“衔璧”、“舆榇”等；小部分礼仪已不再有投降礼的意思，如“顿首”、“叩头”。此外，还出现了词义两用的礼仪：“素服”。
关键词：《旧五代史》；投降礼仪；内附；献礼
ABSTRACT:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period is a war-ridden times when ruling regime frequently changed. Where there is a war, there is the winner and loser. When the war ended, most of defeated nations need to exercise certain surrender etiquette to the victors. Except the surrender etiquettes, like "Mianfu"," Xianbi ""Yuchen" "Qianyang"and " Fengxiangbiao" that frequently written in most past history books, the two surrender etiquettes “Neifu" and "Xianli" are mainly recorded in History of the Five Dynasties. If the defeated nation would like to actively behave “Neifu" or "Xianli", mostly the winners would give certain degree of courteous reception. History of the Five Dynasties inherited and developed some surrender etiquettes of past dynasties and most of surrender etiquette still were used, like" Mianfu "" Xianbi" and "Yuchen ", but small part of them, such as "Dunshou" and "koutou" didn't have the meaning of surrender. In addition, there is the word whose meaning is dual-use，like "Sufu".
Keywords: Old Histoty of the Five Dynasties；Surrender etiquetterise；Neifu；Xianli
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