甲午战争中日本取胜的原因_历史学(师范).doc

摘要：中日甲午战争是19世纪末日本侵略中国和朝鲜的战争。这场战争以中国失败告终。在战前，中日两国整体实力相差并不大，但战争结果却是日本取得了胜利。国内在这一方面的传统研究认为清政府输在了以军力为核心的硬实力上。而笔者通过在装备、人员素质、制度等方面对中日两军进行对比后认为军事实力的差距并不是决定性因素。而关键性因素在于软实力上的差距。这里的软实力主要包括三个方面即情报战、舆论战和民族精神。具体来看，日本在战前针对中国作了系统斟密的情报搜集工作，对中国的各方面情况了若指掌。在舆论上，日本在国际上刻意塑造自己的正面形象以图孤立中国。而在战前两国的民族精神上，日本可谓踌躇满志，相比之下的清朝则早已丧失了进行战争的斗志。而笔者认为正是这些因素结合起来形成了日本强大的软实力，最终促成了日本在战争中取胜。

关键词：  清朝     日本     中国     甲午战争     软实力

Abstract：Sino Japanese war at the end of the nineteenth Century Japanese invasion Jia Wu is Chinese and the Korean war. Before the war, the overall strength between the two countries differ is not large, but the war turned out to be the Japanese won. Domestic the traditional research on this subject that the qing government to lose in the military power as the core of the hard power. And the author through a system of equipment, personnel quality, etc. To contrast between the two armies, concluded the gap between military power is not the decisive factor. The key factor lies in the gap on the soft power. The soft power mainly includes three aspects: namely, intelligence war, public opinion warfare and the national spirit. Specific view, Japan in the war against China secret intelligence work, and the system of China on various aspects of the situation. And on the national spirit of the two countries before the war, Japan has just arrived in contrast of the qing dynasty, has lost the war to fight. But the author thinks that it is these factors combine to form the powerful soft power in Japan, finally led to Japan's victory in the war.

keyword：Qing Dynasty     Japan   china   the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 

soft power;