摘 要：旅游景区是旅游业的重要组成部分，如何通过体制改革使之适应新的趋势与要求是近年来众多专家和学者研究的热点。
大规模体制改革前，我国旅游景区，特别是山地旅游景区，大多采用计划经济时期的行政管理模式，市场活力不足，资源的经济价值无法充分体现，再加上管理过程中涉及到多个部门，于是又有政出多门，多头管理的弊病。针对以上问题，各级政府和景区开始尝试新的管理模式以期能使景区更好的与市场接轨满足市场经济的发展需求从而实现经济效益。在这个过程中出现了很多成功的案例，像黄山风景区，碧峰峡风景区等，也形成了现有的几种主要管理模式。但是改革过程中也出现了一些突出问题，值得进一步研究。
本文从生命周期的角度分析了现有管理体制存在的问题以及优化途径。文章首先对改革后现有山地旅游景区管理体制进行了分析，指出其优缺点。然后论述了生命周期理论的主要内容及反映在体制上的主要要求。在此基础上，将以上两个部分结合，提出现有体制改革过程中的优化思路。
关键字：山地景区，管理体制，生命周期，优化
Abstract: The market economy has helped the development of tourism, and also made new requirements. Tourism attractions are important parts of the tourism industry, experts and academics are focusing on how to reform the structure of the management system.
Before the reform, the tourism attractions in our country, especially the mountain scenic areas, were in the administrative mode under the Planned Economy. The market wasn’t active. And the economic value of the resources was not reflected. And there were many departments in the management process. It was inefficient. Against these problems, the government and tourism attractions started to try new ways of management to make the scenic spots more suitable for the needs of the market economy, therefore, to get better economic results. Among them, The Yellow Mountain and the Bi Feng Xia are successful examples. But there were some problems during the reform.
This article discusses the problems and the solutions of the management system from the life cycle point. It tells us the problems after the reform first. Then it discusses the content of the life cycle theory and its requirements on the management system. At last, it combines these two parts and suggests the ways of optimization in the reform process.
Keywords：mountain scenic area, system of management, life cycle, optimization
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