摘要：不良生活方式而导致的慢性病日趋严重而带来的医疗费用飞速上涨的问题已经引起人们越来越多的关注。大量的研究表明：在所有影响医药成本的因素当中，采用健康的生活方式如：不吸烟，适量的饮酒，吃健康食品，有规律的锻炼身体都有助于保持身体的健康和降低那些导致高额医疗费用的慢性疾病发生的几率。本文利用中国健康与营养调查的横截面数据（来源于CHNS，有效样本量为8939）对该问题进行分析。本文将被调查者按照基本社会统计人口特征、生活方式和慢性疾病分为三类变量，在进行模型估计时，逐渐加入新的控制变量，分析影响医疗服务使用以及医疗费用的因素。在模型的各种设定中，我们发现年龄、教育、职业、性别、婚姻状况、医疗保险等基本变量与医疗服务及费用间的关系是稳健的。通过分析我们发现教育和职业与人们健康生活方式行为间的关系较为密切，且对慢性病的产生起着决定性的作用。并且通过建立教育、职业与人们健康生活方式行为之间的联系探讨人们对使用医疗服务和医疗费用的深层影响因素。
关键词：生活方式 教育程度 职业 慢性病 医疗服务 医疗费用
Abstract：More and more attentions have been paid to the escalating medical expending on the chronicle diseases associated with people’s unhealthy lifestyle. A large amount of researches have indicated that a healthy lifestyle, such as non smoking, moderately drinking, eating a balanced diet and regular exercising, will help one stay in heath and reduce the possibility of chronicle diseases that can lead to high medical cost. This study analyzed the China Economic Population Nutrition and Health Survey (sourced from CHNS, effective samples of 8939) in this aspect. In this study three variables, respondents’ socio-demographic status, lifestyle and chronicle illness are defined variables. The socio-demographic status is the very basic variable; its influences on the other two variables and the usage of medical service and medical expense are first studied, then the effects of the combination of the three are studied. Results show a person’s age, education, profession, sex and marital status have clearly influenced one’s usage of medical service and its cost. Healthy lifestyle behavior is closely related to education level and profession, and they also play an important role in if one will be subject to chronicle illness. Measures utilizing these relationships to positively influence the usage of medical service and associated cost are discussed.
Key words: lifestyle, education, profession, chronicle illness, medical service, medical cost
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